Relay-assisted satellite networks rely on multi-hop architectures that expose data integrity to malicious or compromised relays. End-to-end Message Authentication Codes (MACs) avoid trusting relays but delay error detection until the destination, incurring costly retransmissions over long-delay space links, while hop-by-hop integrity requires trusting intermediate nodes. We propose a superposition-coded integrity scheme in which the source embeds the end-to-end MAC tag directly into the physical-layer waveform, allowing the destination to recover the tag independently of relay behavior. This prevents tag forgery even when a relay possesses the end-to-end key and eliminates the need to forward authentication data through relays. We validate the approach using a three-node software-defined radio testbed and show improved authentication reliability under malicious relay scenarios.

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Robin Vassantlal (LASIGE, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal), Hasan Heydari (LASIGE, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal), Bernardo Ferreira (LASIGE, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal), Alysson Bessani (LASIGE, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal)

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Ravindra Mangar (Dartmouth College, Hanover), Jared Chandler (Dartmouth College, Hanover), Timothy J. Pierson (Dartmouth College, Hanover), David Kotz (Dartmouth College, Hanover)

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Tillson Galloway (Georgia Institute of Technology), Omar Alrawi (Georgia Institute of Technology), Allen Chang (Georgia Institute of Technology), Athanasios Avgetidis (Georgia Institute of Technology), Manos Antonakakis (Georgia Institute of Technology), Fabian Monrose (Georgia Institute of Technology)

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